NOBEL PRIZE

The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed in a number of categories by Swedish and Norwegian institutions in recognition of academic, cultural, and/or scientific advances. The will of the Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. The prizes in literature, peace, physics, chemistry, and physiology or medicine were first awarded in 1901. The related Nobel memorial prize in Economic Sciences was established by Sweden's central bank in 1968.

BOB DYLAN - LITERATURE

Bob Dylan was born in Duluth, Minnesota, US on May 24, 1941. His residence is in Malibu, California, US. He is an American songwriter, singer, artist and writer. Dylan's lyrics incorporate a wide range of political, social, philosophical and literary influences. Dylan has been influential in popular music and culture for more than five decades. His website is bobdylan.com

JUAN MANUEL SANTOS- PEACE

Juan Manuel Santos was born in Bogota, Colombia on 10th August 1951. He is the 32nd and current President of Colombia and sole recipient of the 2016 Nobel Peace Prize. In 1991, he was appointed by President Cesar Gaviria Trujillo as Colombia's first Minister of Foreign Trade. In 2000, he was appointed by President Andres Pastrana Arango as the 64th Minister of Finance and Public Credit. In 2006, Santos was appointed Minister of National Defense, and continued defending the security policies of President Uribe, taking a strong and forceful stance against FARC and the other guerrilla groups operating in Colombia. On October 7, 2016, it was announced that Santos will receive the Nobel Prize for negotiating a peace treaty with the guerrilla in the country, despite the unsuccessful referendum held over the dea-l.


YOSHINORI  OHSUMI
PHYSIOLOGY OR MEDICINE

Yoshinori Ohsumi was born in Fukuoka, Japan on February 9, 1945. He is a Japanese cell biologist specializing in autophagy, the process that cells use to destroy and recycle cellular components. He received the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for his discoveries of mechanisms for autoph-agy.

ECONOMIC SCIE-NCES
OLIVER HART

Oliver Hart was born in London, England on October 9, 1948. Hart won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2016 for his work on contract theory along with Bengt Holmstrom. Hart is an expert on contract theory, theory of the firm, corporate finance and law and economics. His research centres on the roles that ownership structure and contractual arrangements play in governance and boundaries of corporation-s.

BENGT HOLMSTROM

Bengt Holmstrom was born in Helsinki, Finland on April 18, 1949. He is a Finnish economist. He received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2016, along with Oliver Hart. It is an award for the outstanding contributions to the field of economics. Holmstrom is particularly well known for his work on principal agent theory. More generally, he has worked on the theory of contracting and incentives especially as applied to the theory of the firm, to corporate governance and to liquidity problems in financial cri-se-s.


PHY-SICS
J. MICHAEL KOSTERLITZ

Michael Kosterlitz was born in Aberdeen, Scotland in 1942. He is a British- American professor of physics at Brown University and the son of biochemist Hans Kosterlitz. He was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics along with David Thouless and Duncan Haldane for the work on condensed matter physics.

DUNCAN HALDANE

Duncan Haldane was born in London, UK on September 14, 1951. His residence is at Princeton, New Jersey, US. He is a British- American Physicist who is Eugene Higgins Professor of Physics at the physics department of Princeton University, and a distinguished visiting research chair at Perimeter Institute for theoretical physics. He won the 2016 Nobel Prize in physics with David J Thouless and John Michael Kosterlitz.

DAVID J THOULESS

David J Thouless was born in Bearsden, Scotland on 21st September 1934. He is a British condensed- matter physicist. He is a winner of the Wolf Prize and laureate of the 2016 Nobel Prize for physics along with Duncan Haldane and J Michael Kosterlitz for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter.


CHEMI-ST-RY
FRASER STODDART

Fraser Stoddart was born in Edinburgh, Scotland on 24 May 1942. He is a British American who is Board of Trustees Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern University in the United States. He works in the area of supramolecular chemistry and nanotechnology. He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Ben Feringa and Jean- Pierre Sauvage in 2016 for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.

JEAN- PIERRE SAUVAGE

Jean- Pierre Sauvage was born in Paris, France on 21st October 1944. He is a French coordination chemist working at Strasbourg University. He has specialized in supramolecular chemistry for which he has been awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in chemistry along with Fraser Stoddart and Ben Feringa.

BEN FERINGA

Ben Feringa was born in Barger- Compascuum, Netherlands on May 18, 1951. He is a Dutch synthetic organic chemist, specializing in molecular nanotechnology and homogenous catalysis. He received the 2016 Nobel Prize in chemistry, together with Fraser Stoddart and Jean- Pierre Sauvage, for the design and synthesis of molecular machines.